Hence, ostrich breeding is improving greatly recently, and researches about ostrich is picking up. The ostrich breeding industry is growing rapidly in many places, including the USA, Australia, New Zealand, Israel, Canada, Europe, and China (Al-Nasser et al., 2003). However, in the last 2 decades, people have begun to pay more attention to ostriches because of their great economic value. They mainly live in dry African regions and the extremely hot Arabian Desert, in harsh climates with food shortages (Mushi et al., 1998). The African ostrich is native to Africa and Arabian Desert areas. PALABRAS CLAVE: Cerebro Morfología Avestruz. El cuarto ventrículo estaba revestido un epitelio pseudo-estratificado de células ependimarias columnares ciliadas. Los núcleos de las células de la médula oblongada se formaron a partir pocas neuronas multipolares, soportados por algunas neuroglias. La medula oblongada estaba cubierta por pia madre de tejido conectivo laxo, revestida por epitelio escamoso simple y un suministro vascular extenso bajo la piamadre. La corteza cerebelosa consistió en tres capas, molecular, de células de Purkinje y granular interna las células de Purkinje se caracterizaron por un cuerpo celular grande. El aspecto más común se caracterizó por unas pequeñas neuronas soportadas por neuroglias. Los resultados histológicos revelaron que la corteza cerebral está formada de varias capas de neuronas mal definidas. La médula oblongada mostró en algunos casos una flexión pontina evidente, en otros ausencia de puentes o la aparición de un cuerpo trapezoide. El cerebelo estaba caracterizado por la vermis central que tenía numerosas fisuras transversales y dos pequeños flóculos laterales en su superficie lateral. Un gran quiasma y tracto óptico demostraron ser continuos con los lóbulos ópticos. El diencéfalo dio lugar a la glándula pineal, que es una estructura en forma de tubo invertida con un triángulo obtuso en su parte inferior. El bulbo olfatorio era pequeño, con un lóbulo olfativo sin desarrollar. El cerebro tuvo una forma romboidal, con cerebelo grande triangular obtuso con una protuberancia dorsomedial sagital. El cerebro se estudió macroscópica y microscópicamente, y las mediciones de todas las partes del cerebro fueron registradas. RESUMEN: El objetivo fue describir las características morfológicas del cerebro de la avestruz africana. The fourth ventricle was lined by pseudo stratified columnar ciliated ependymal cells. The cell nuclei of the medulla oblongata were formed from few multipolar neurons, supported by few neuroglia. The medulla oblongata was covered by pia mater of loose connective tissue that covered with simple squamous epithelium and vascular supply extended beneath the pia mater. The cerebellar cortex consists of three layers namely molecular layer, Purkinje cells layer and internal granular layer, the layer of Purkinje cells characterized by a very large cell body. ![]() The most common appearance characterized by few small neurons supported by neuroglia. The histological results revealed that the cerebral cortex formed of several ill-defined layers of neurons. The medulla oblongata with clear pontine flexure and no obvious pons or trapezoid body appeared. The cerebellum was represented by central vermis that had numerous transverse fissures and two small lateral floccules on its lateral surface. Large optic chiasm and optic tract demonstrated that continued to the optic lobes. ![]() The diencephalon gave rise to the pineal gland, which was inverted tubal structure with an obtuse triangle bottom. The olfactory bulb was small with undeveloped olfactory lobe. The brain of ostrich was rhombus in shape with large obtuse triangular cerebrum with sagittal dorsomedial wulst. The brain was studied macroscopically, microscopically and the measurements of all brain parts were demonstrated. SUMMARY: The aim of the current study focused on the morphological features of the brain of the African ostrich. *Anatomy and Embryology department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Edfina, Egypt. Investigación Morfológica del Cerebro de la Avestruz Africana ( Struthio camelus)Īshraf A. Morphological Investigation of the Brain of the African Ostrich ( Struthio camelus)
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